Sunday 22 June 2014

Private John Herring No. 1922 51st Bn (Inf) AIF RIP


Private John Herring


Travelling around the Somme resulted in both Michael and I reflecting on our respective family members who had served in France.  Michael contacted his mother, Anne, to find out about his great uncle, John Herring who served with the 51st Infantry Battalion.  Anne contacted Michael’s aunt Pat and she provided the details that enabled us to locate his grave.  We purchased some flowers and a memorial cross, which Michael inscribed with a personal message, and set off for the HAC Cemetery in Ecoust-St Mein.  We located John’s grave and it was moving to stand and reflect on his personal sacrifice.  I have included below the information provided by Pat and some additional research by Michael.

This is Dad’s eldest brother (Jack)
 (Phil’s uncle and Michael’s Great Uncle)

Private John Herring
Service No. 1922
Unit: 51st Battalion (Infantry)
Date of Death: 2 April 1917
Enlisted 21 February 1916
Residence: Thadina Street, Sandstone, Western Australia
Embarked Fremantle 20/7/1916
Plymouth England UK 9/9/1916

Killed in Action, 2 April 1917 (aged 23 years 10 months) France at Norsuil??

He won the Heavy Weight Boxing Championship on board the” Seonig? Bee” troop ship and also won a gold medal for the most unselfish and gentlemanly player in Mines Football Club.

Lauren recently arranged a plaque at the entrance to Kings Park in honour of Uncle Jack, the ceremony was moving and I’m sure Dad would appreciate the thought.  He shared the tree with another digger who was the same age, Battalion and died on the same day, same battle.
  
History of the 51st Bn
The 51st Battalion was raised in Egypt in the first week of March 1916, as part of the “doubling” of the AIF. Approximately half of its recruits were Gallipoli veterans from the 11th Battalion, and the other half, fresh reinforcements from Australia. Reflecting the composition of the 11th, the 51st was predominantly composed of men from Western Australia. The battalion became part of the 13th Brigade of the newly-formed 4th Australian Division.
Arriving in France on 12 June 1916, the 51st moved into the trenches of the Western Front within a fortnight. It fought in its first major battle at Mouquet Farm in August and September, and suffered casualties equivalent to a third of its strength in both of the attacks (14 August and 3 September) it launched. After Mouquet Farm, the battalion saw out the rest of the year, alternating between front-line duty, and training and labouring behind the line. This routine continued through the bleak winter of 1916-17.
Markers near John 51st Bn
Early in 1917, the battalion participated in the advance that followed the German retreat to the Hindenburg Line. On 2 April it attacked at Noreuil, a village which had been fortified to delay the Australian advance. Later in the year, the focus of the AIF’s operations moved to the Ypres sector in Belgium. There the battalion fought in the battle of Messines between 7 and 12 June and the battle of Polygon Wood between 26 and 27 September. Another winter of trench routine followed.
With the collapse of Russia in October 1917, a major German offensive on the Western Front was expected in early 1918. This occurred in France in late March and the 4th Division moved to defend positions around Dernancourt on the River Ancre. The 51st Battalion assisted in the repulse of a large German attack on 5 April, launching a critical counter-attack late in the day. The German threat remained until late April, and in the early hours of ANZAC Day 1918 the 51st participated in the now legendary attack to dislodge the enemy from Villers-Bretonneux.
When the Allies launched their own offensive in early August, the 51st Battalion was among the units involved and played an active role until the middle of that month, before moving to duties in the rear area. The battalion was ordered forward again in early September, in preparation for its last major operation of the war. On 18 September it provided part of the 4th Division’s reserve for the attack on the Hindenburg “outpost line”. Not long after the Armistice on 11 November 1918, drafts of men began returning to Australia for discharge. With the departure of the last of these on 5 May 1919, the 51st Battalion disbanded.
http://www.awm.gov.au/units/unit_11238.asp
The cemetery details of the HAC Ecoust-St.Mein (HAC is the Honourable Artillery Company)

Location Information

Ecoust-St.Mein is a village between Arras, Cambrai and Bapaume. H.A.C. Cemetery is about 800 metres south of the village on the west side of the D956 road to Beugenatre. Identified casualties 826.
Facing South East from marker
Facing South right of Annette

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Historical Information

The enemy positions from Doignies to Henin-sur-Cojeul, including the village of Ecoust, were captured on 2 April 1917, by the 4th Australian and 7th Divisions. This cemetery was begun by the 7th Division after the battle, when 27 of the 2nd H.A.C., who fell (with one exception) on the 31st March or the 1st April, were buried in what is now Plot I, Row A. After the German counter-attack near Lagnicourt on the 15th April, twelve Australian gunners were buried in the same row. Rows B, C and part of D were made in August and September 1918, when the ground had been recaptured by the 3rd Division after five months enemy occupation. The 120 graves thus made were the original H.A.C. Cemetery; but after the Armistice graves were added from the battlefields of Bullecourt and Ecoust and from a number of smaller burial grounds.
There are now nearly 2,000, 1914-18 war casualties commemorated in this site. Of these, over half are unidentified and special memorials are erected to 17 soldiers from the United Kingdom and 14 from Australia, known or believed to be buried among them. Other special memorials record the names of 34 soldiers from the United Kingdom, buried in other cemeteries, whose graves were destroyed by shell fire.

http://www.cwgc.org/find-a-cemetery/cemetery/31200/H.A.C.%20CEMETERY,%20ECOUST-ST.%20MEIN

Unknown Australian
It would appear that Great Uncle John saw action on the Western Front prior to this battle and was unfortunately killed on the day of battle. Later the Germans took the ground back and so the cemetery was destroyed by gun fire so that is why he is in a special mention area as they know his remains rest here.

RIP great Uncle John.



Facing west from front of cemetary

Inside facing north

Facing West

Facing West Marker fourth from left at the back





West Behind Marker



from other cemeteries





Facing East from marker



Facing South

Facing West


Facing west fourth from the tree at the back



Marker near John 51st BN




facing east

facing west

facing north

Facing west

Memorial cross looking east

Looking south

Looking north from memorial cross



facing west from the road

facing west from road

facing south on road

Facing South away from Cemetery (just see memorial cross)



Entrance to Town which is north of cemetary

Viva La France










Michael and I caught the train from Dublin to Rosslare, which was a very comfortable journey.  Rosslare is very much a one-horse town with the hotel where we stayed, a couple of shops and the dock and not much else.  The views over the water are beautiful and we had a nice relaxing overnight stay.  We ate dinner at the hotel and Michael ordered the fish, asking for vegetables but no chips.  His meal came with roast potatoes, mashed potatoes and potatoes au gratin.  You have to love Irish cuisine!
 
The following morning we decided to fill in time until sailing with a spot of geocaching.  We found the first one without any problem.  Michael then suggested looking for another, which led us on a remarkable journey up and over stiles, through paddocks and fields, all along the cliff edge.  We came to where the cache was supposed to be hidden which necessitated Michael leaning precariously over the cliff edge.  I remember thinking, if he falls, I am still getting on that ship to France!  Needless to say, he recovered the cache without incident with neither of us blown over the edge.

We sailed on the overnight ferry Oscar Wilde to Cherbourg. I was amazed at the lack of security checks undertaken.  Our luggage was not searched nor x-rayed and there wasn’t even a sniffer dog on duty.  It was all very different to plane travel. The crossing was very comfortable and our cabin was spacious.  The only glitch in the trip was the vomiting children and I found myself grateful that I wasn’t one of the parents responsible for them.  It didn’t worry us too much as we just kept swapping bars to find somewhere more comfortable to sit.   

The ferry docked in Cherbourg the following morning and we found our accommodation easily.  It was a very modern apartment with everything we needed and after dropping off our luggage, we set about exploring the town.  We had docked on a Monday so most shops were closed however we managed to find a café from which to watch the world go by.
 
Michael hired a car the next morning and we set out to visit the D Day landing sites.  We stopped at the village of Sainte Mere-Eglise, which is famous for the church with parachute memorial.  The town church has a dummy hanging from a parachute suspended from the spire.  This represents an incident, which happened when paratrooper John Steele took part in the D Day landings only to land on the church where his parachute got caught.  He hung there for two hours, pretending to be dead, before the Germans took him prisoner.  Steele later escaped from the Germans and rejoined his division.
 
The 70th anniversary of the D Day landings had been commemorated only a few days before our arrival, so the town was still decked out with bunting and the streets filled with the flags of the allies.  Glen Miller music played loudly from one of the shops and another played the Andrews Sisters songs, so the atmosphere was quite festive.  There were still many tourists, many of them American, who were in town for the re-enactments, services and commemorations.  French guides dressed as American GIs took tour groups around in WW2 army jeeps.  
 

Over the next couple of days, we visited the various beaches of the Normandy landings namely, Utah, Omaha, Gold, Juno and Sword Beach.  We saw the many memorials and each beach had it’s own way of marking the occasion.  The coastline is beautiful and the beaches stretch for miles in each direction and it is hard to imagine the horrors that took place there.

The Normandy American Cemetery and Memorial is a very beautiful but sombre place to visit.  There are 9,387 American military personnel buried there and the sight of all those white crosses is hard to forget.   
 
 


 





We also visited the La Cambe German war cemetery and were overwhelmed by the sight of over 21,000 black crosses commemorating the German dead. 





 



To lighten the mood after an intense few days, we visited the lovely city of Bayeux.  The cathedral there is absolutely beautiful and was consecrated in 1077.  This was originally where the famous Bayeux Tapestry was displayed.  The tapestry is now stored in its own museum so naturally we went along to have a look.  Michael asked the ticket seller why the Australian flag was flying out the front and the young man replied that the Australian Prime Minister had been to visit the museum a couple of days prior.  Michael responded “how terrible for you”.  The young man looked confused and said he didn’t know the man, to which, Michael responded, “then you are very lucky”.  We left the poor man looking very perplexed.  The tapestry (it is really an embroidery) depicts events leading up the Norman conquest of England.  It really is a sight to behold and it is fascinating to listen to the commentary describing the events depicted on the tapestry.
 

Show Me The Monet

Michael surprised me with a trip to Claude Monet’s garden in Giverny.  I can’t begin to describe how absolutely beautiful it was.  The weather was perfect and both Michael and I were in short sleeves for the first time in 9 months.  The tour starts in Monet’s house, which is beautifully and colourfully decorated throughout.  The garden is visible from all of the windows so you can imagine what it was like to live there.  The garden itself is amazing and you feel as though you have stepped out of real life and into one of his paintings.  There are roses everywhere and just about every other flower that you can name.  The highlight though is the water garden with its Japanese bridge, which is so familiar from his paintings.  It is a place of such beauty and serenity.  What a wonderful legacy to leave the world – all of his fabulous artwork and a stunning garden.  One funny thing though – it doesn’t matter where you go in the world, you can’t get away from politicians.  Simon Crean was wandering around the gardens with his family. 

 




 

Dulce Et Decorum Est Pro Patria Mori

Michael and I stayed in a lovely apartment in the beautiful, tiny village of Authuille, which is situated just outside of Albert in the heart of the Somme.  The apartment itself was the converted stables of a farm- house and had been exquisitely decorated.  Seriously, it looked like something out of French Vogue.  The owners lived in the farm- house, which they had extensively renovated over the years.  They were a lovely couple and they couldn’t have been more hospitable or welcoming.  Fresh flowers, homemade jam and homemade meringues were left for us.  They even invited us in for drinks one evening with their family and it was relaxing drinking pastis with them and hearing about French life. 
 


 



The reason for our visit to the Somme was to explore the battlefields of World War 1.  The apartment was situated next door to the Authuille Military Cemetery.  When I say next door, I mean you walked out of our gate, into the next gate, which led to the cemetery. There are over 450 graves there.  We were also within walking distance of three other cemeteries - the Thiepval Memorial, which bears the names of 72,000 men who died in the Somme and have no known grave, 


Thiepval Memorial



Blighty Valley Cemetery which contains 1,027 burials and the Lonsdale Cemetery which contains 1,542 burials.  This was just the tip of the iceberg.

The next eight days we drove all over the Somme, stopping at dozens of cemeteries, memorials and the occasional museum.  Some of the cemeteries were relatively small, containing only a few hundred graves.  Other cemeteries were larger, holding a few thousand graves and some bigger still, with 20,000 or more buried.  It is hard to describe the sight of the rows upon rows of graves.  The countryside is beautiful farmland and yet in the middle you come across yet another cemetery.  Some cemeteries are along the main roads with others accessed along winding tracks.  Every single one of them is impeccably maintained – lawns mowed and beautiful flowers, mostly roses, grow between the graves.  There is not one single piece of litter and not one single bit of vandalism or graffiti in evidence.  They are such peaceful places and it is moving walking among the headstones and reading the ages of the young men, some as young as 17 years.  More moving still are the mementos left by the relatives of the fallen, such as the occasional photo, a wooden cross or a memorial wreath.
 
Bullecourt
I won’t mention every cemetery we visited however there are couple which were very special.  Villers-Bretonneux Memorial commemorates 10,762 fallen Australian servicemen.   




This memorial’s tower can be seen from quite a distance away and it is a very impressive monument to the fallen.  Ironically, it was finished and opened in 1938, just in time for it to be damaged in the next war.  The memorial has been restored however the shrapnel scars have been left as testament to World War 2.  The Villers-Bretonneaux museum is housed on the second floor of the village school.  This museum pays tribute to the men who fought and it is humbling to see just how highly regarded these men were by the local French and how grateful they were.  Australian flags are a common sight around this area.

Beaumont - Hamel Newfoundland Memorial
The Beaumont-Hamel Newfoundland Memorial is dedicated to the Newfoundland forces members who were killed at the battle of the Somme.  It was a particularly tragic event as it was the regiment’s first major engagement and the regiment was all but wiped out within 30 minutes.  The memorial itself is giant caribou atop a hill.  The surrounding area has been kept as near to how the terrain looked at the time of the battle, with the remains of trenches surrounding the area.          

Welsh Memorial


Ulster Memorial